History Of Human Services At The World - 1362 Words

History of Human Services Bradley Amo HHS 201-Introduction to Human Services Instructor Roche 8/10/2014 History of Human Services Human services in the world is a very important duty to perform since, there are many programs that are not being funded by governments and so many people are living in poverty around the world that simply cannot afford human service help. However, it is the responsibility of the human service worker to try and help those in need that are not able to afford services and provide the necessary treatment that they are lacking. Although, human services in Western cultures play an important part in the helping relationship in which many factors have influenced the ability and willingness to help society members. Meanwhile, there are many societal circumstances that shape helping behaviors in which reciprocity is an important aspect of human service work since, caring and giving services to those in need is the main focus in the field. Indeed, the different cycles of helping in the American society as they relate to welfare, juvenile justice, mental illness, and criminal justice are not ge tting enough help they need as many of the grants go to the middle class and rich instead of the poorer population. Therefore, the meaning of human services has a very broad range of duties and responsibilities which are very difficult to perform when many human service programs are not being funded and are letting human service workers go just to keep theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Intro to Human Services1296 Words   |  6 Pages Describe human services from the early 1900s to the present day. 2 Throughout History Human Services made a big impact and a difference in our society as we know it today. Through the sociological era in the 1900s many were faced with challenges such as financial support for the poor and no support or guidance for the children, developmentally disabled and the mentally ill. Human Services make positive and lasting differences in peoples lives, and they help improve the world. The earlyRead MoreTuskegee1630 Words   |  7 Pagesturn of the 20th century the most unspeakable appalling atrocities against human beings was The Tuskegee Syphilis Study. One of the most horrendous breaches of ethics in The United States history is Tuskegee’s studies and associated research. . The study and the publicity that surrounded the study was one of the major influences leading to the organized arrangement of laws, rules and principles of the ethical treatment for human beings. Examples of which include; informed consent, patients personalRead MoreHuman Service Course History Paper1447 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Service Course History Paper Nikki Boswell Western Washington University â€Æ' Introduction The year is 2015 and I can’t imagine not having the freedom I do today. Marriage equality is a very recent topic in history. It wasn’t very long ago that laws prohibited the marriage of same-sex couples. I have decided to investigate the history of marriage equality and the organizations that helped make the dream come true. In order to fully understand the changes that occurred, and to comprehend the levelRead MoreWhat Is Human Services?1119 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity of phoenix | What is Human Services? | | | Tina CooperBSHS/302 | 11/21/2010Kristie Hilton | | What is Human Services? Everyone at some point in their lives needs help. This help could range from help with their bills to help with adequate shelter or even help with everyday living skills. No matter what the reason is for the help, it is an inevitable that people need it. In these times of need, people may wonder who they can turn to for help. This question often goesRead MoreUtilizing Online Social Networking Sites Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Networking Business and Human Services organizations all over the world try to look for different ways to improve and be successful. One of the ways organizations have been able to maintain success is by networking and linking themselves with similar organizations. A website that provides organizations with this type of networking is LinkedIn. In week two I was given the task to research and understand why such sites as LinkedIn help human service organizations stay connected with theirRead MoreBritish Secret Intelligence MI6 Essays1109 Words   |  5 Pageswas, and still is to an extent, to steal the secrets of others including foreign spies and countries. The agency has managed to keep most of its history and operations a secret in its 100 plus history. By doing this, they have become the â€Å"godfather† of spy agencies throughout the world. The agency over its 100 year existence has played parts in both World Wars, combating the Germans through espionage securing the survival of the British. It has also participated in the Cold War era fighting communismRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1603 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The history of enslaving humans for the benefit of labor, sex, and financial gain runs deep and parallel to the existence of civilization. While a small portion of the history of slavery reflects a more humane and less brutal treatment of those in servitude, such as the Babylonian slaves of 18th century BC who were permitted to own land; contrastingly, most slavery practices historically have been established in a foundation of violence and control, such as the slaves of ancient GreeceRead MoreHealthcare Utilization1442 Words   |  6 PagesUtilization The old saying of health is wealth is as valid today as it was in any other period of history. The definitions of health have been changed and many other measures of physical and mental performance have been added to it. However, the essence and need of healthy life is always there. This is the reason; the responsible authorities of every period have tried to provide best possible healthcare services to the people. It may be because of continuous development in industrial infrastructure andRead MoreThe Grand Canyon1545 Words   |  7 Pagesyears, the Grand Canyon has attracted many visitors, and today the park sees nearly five million visitors yearly (NPS, History Culture). It has always been a target for human interest, going back to the days where Native Americans ruled the land and continuing through present times. However, like the rest of our natural world, the Grand Canyon faces many threats, mainly due to humans. What are these things that threaten the Grand Canyon, what is being done to combat them, and what else can be doneRead MoreFinding The Way With Service Animals Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesWay with Service Animals Johnny had never smiled in his entire four years of life, until July, 2015. He received a life changing gift, a service dog trained as a companion to children with autism. His family had researched and tried many ways to help him have an easier and more interactive life but to no avail until he got his service dog. Improving life emotionally, physically and/or socially is the overall goal of people and/or families with service animals. There has been a long history with animals

The Origins Of Schizophrenia, And Greek And Latin Texts Essay

Introduction History. Some of the earliest evidence of schizophrenia were seen in the Bible, and Greek and Latin texts. In the Bible, people were accused of being demonically possessed or holy based on the visions they saw (if visions involved Jesus). In Greek mythology, individuals were said to be punished by the Gods of they had symptoms of schizophrenia. Between years 1450-1830 in Europe, and North and South America, people were accused of being witches; similarly, in France, people were thought to have reverted to beasts. Most early treatments ranged from exposure to music and philosophy to torture and killings. However, in Egypt, schizophrenia was seen as a disease of the heart and uterus caused by pus, poop, or demons. While the Egyptians were incorrect in their diagnosis of the root cause of schizophrenia, at least they treated it as a medical issue. While there was confirmation of the existence of schizophrenia, the prevalence was never noted because of stigmas and how diffic ult it was to diagnose. Many symptoms could be confused with symptoms of drunkenness, drug usage, and even other Major Depressive Disorders. It was not until the late 1800s and mid 1900s that Schizophrenia was adequately addressed. Emil Kaepelin in 1899 called Schizophrenia â€Å"Dementia praecox† and defined three main criteria: (1) cognitive deficit, (2) motor dysfunction, and (3) terminal state of deterioration. In 1920, Eutene Bleuler began calling the illness â€Å"Schizophrenia† and added basicShow MoreRelatedIdentity And The Search For The Self Among The Sub Continental Diaspora10173 Words   |  41 PagesThe Self among the sub-continental Diaspora in Britain Identity has always been a problematic area of interrogation epistemologically, existentially and politically and it continues to propel our thought. Etymologically, the term is derived from Latin word ‘Idem’ meaning ‘same’ (Oxford Online Dictionary) which means ‘specific quality or condition of being a specific person or an object†. A person’s identity is determined in terms of his/her inherited traditions, particularly the inherited religionRead MoreEssay on A Philosophy of the Impersonal5155 Words   |  21 Pagesthan today do human rights, beginning with the right to live, seem so utterly denied. No right more so than the right to live seems contradicted by the millions of victims who die because of hunger, sickness, and war. How is this possible? Whats the origin of this drift in meaning of person that is taking place today when the normative reference to the value of the person is being affirmed in all languages and its flag raised high? One could respond, as often happens, that the reason is only becauseRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSlowik Art Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville

DNA the Master Code for All Living Things Free Essays

Bacteria, zebras, mosquitoes, anacondas, essentially all living things have one thing in common which makes them what they are. It is DNA. It is one of the greatest biological discoveries in the history of mankind. We will write a custom essay sample on DNA the Master Code for All Living Things or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is not only related to biology but is tied to the study of chemistry as well because of the convoluted molecular structure. DNA is short for the molecule deoxyribonucleic acid. RNA or ribonucleic acid is another nucleic acid derived from DNA and used as a template to make proteins, the product of the genetic code. In an article, â€Å"What is DNA? † written by James Randerson, DNA is described as, â€Å"†¦ he master code for life †¦ the instruction book that each organism uses to run its body and govern its behavior, a book that each creature hands on to its offspring, either in full or in part. † In other words it describes how at times not the whole book (DNA) is passed down from parent to progeny. A father and mother both contribute their DNA making the son similar but not identical to his father and mother. Also, because DNA stores all genetic information including diseases, which can be passed down from generation to generation. These diseases are the effect of a mutation in the DNA structure. In 1868, a Swiss physician and biologist extracted a phosphorus containing substance. He called it nuclein because he found it in the nuclei of several cells. He managed to extract this substance from discarded surgical bandages, specifically by examining the pus cells (pus cells are white blood cells). James Watson, an American geneticist, and Francis Crick, a British physicist studying in the University of Cambridge, began examining x-ray images made by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. In 1953, James and Francis constructed the first three-dimensional model of the DNA structure. The model showed all nitrogenous bases, pentoses (sugar), and phosphate groups. Several years later, James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Before the three-dimensional model, Erwin Chargaff discovered a pattern between the base pairs. He discovered that the amount of adenine is the same amount of thymine. the same is true for the other base pair guanine and cytosine. Chargaff’s discovery led him to understand the basic pairing rules. You might wonder what makes our DNA different from the DNA of a sheep, sea urchin, or a turtle. Based on the studies of Chargaff and the rest of his colleagues at Columbia University, the four nitrogenous bases occur in different ratios in the DNAs of different organisms and that the bases have a numerical relationship. For example, The base composition (mol percentage) of Homo Sapiens is 30. 9 % adenine, 19. 9% guanine, 19. 8% cytosine, and 29. 4% thymine. This shows that Chargaff’s study was very helpful for James Watson and Francis Crick’s three-dimensional model of a DNA molecule. I chose to research DNA because it is a very interesting topic to discuss. It makes me who I am, my hair, eye, and skin color, my height and weight, overall health, metabolism, etc. I find both biology and chemistry my favorite subjects and DNA because it is a key molecuel that defines health. In the future I plan to become a M. D. (Medical Doctor). I will definitely have to be familiar with this molecule and what DNA sequences mean in case I needed to diagnose a patient with a certain genetic disease. By examining his or her genetic code I could determine possible diseases. I really enjoy any type of problem solving. I could utilize this knowledge to explore disease in my own family, specifically my dad’s side. From my grandfather to my own father and uncles, everyone has minor cardiovascular diseases caused by high cholesterol. I want to discover what mutation in my family’s DNA that causes this condition and develop treatments to improve their health. DNA molecules are located in the nucleus of a cell. When they are tightly packed together they are known as chromosomes. The structure of DNA is very complicated. DNA is a double helix molecule. The structure looks like a twisted ladder. A double helix is the molecular structure created from double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids held together by hy drogen bonding between nucleotides. Nucleotides contain three characteristic components: (1) a nitrogenous base, (2) a pentose (sugar), and (3) phosphate group. Four nitrogenous bases make up DNAs support of the double helix: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). These bases are split into two groups. (A) and (G) are in the purine base group and (C) and (T) are in the pyrimidine base groups. In the structure of DNA base pairs are formed between the four bases. A base pair is when two nitrogenous bases (a purine to a pyrimidine or vice versa) are linked by weak hydrogen bonds. Adenine (A) and thymine (T) form a base pair and guanine (G) and cytosine C) form a base pair. In the structure of DNA (A) and (T) are held together by two hydrogen bonds, while (C) and (G) are held together by three hydrogen bonds. The next components of DNA form the backbone of the two spiraling strands. The backbones consist of alternating phosphate and pentose (sugar). Two kinds of pentoses are found in nucleic acids, deoxyribose and ribose. Deoxyribose is basically the same as ribose but it has one less oxygen atom in it’s structure. The phosphate group is connected to the pentose (deoxyribose or ribose) on the backbone of the DNA structure. They are both held together by covalent bonds. The pentose is also connected to the nitrogenous base. When a pentose (sugar) and a base combine it is called a nucleoside. An example of a nucleoside, is when the base thymine bonds with the pentose (sugar) deoxyribose, deoxythymidine forms. The nucleoside then combines with the phosphate to make the nucleoside a nucleotide. In the article â€Å"How DNA Works,† Craig Freudenrich explains how the â€Å"hydrogen bonds between phosphates cause the DNA strand to twist. The nitrogenous bases point inward on the ladder and form pairs with bases on the other side. This makes DNA look somewhat like a spiraling staircase. DNA functions to store the complete genetic information required to specify the structure of all the proteins of each species of organism, to program in time and space the orderly biosynthesis (the process of converting simple nutrients like: sugars, lipids, and amino acids into complex products like, proteins and vitamins) that make cell and tissue, and organs which determine the activities of an organism throughout its life cycle, and determine the distinctiveness of the given organism. DNA also has another function. It is meant to be replicated so copies can be passed down from cell to cell and generation to generation. The National Human Genome Research Institute describes the transfer occurs â€Å"In sexual reproduction, organisms inherit half of their nuclear DNA from the male parent and half from the female parent. However, organisms inherit all of their mitochondrial DNA from the mother. This occurs because only egg cells, and not sperm cells, keep their mitochondria during fertilization. To complete these instructions, DNA sequences are transcribed into messages made of RNA and ultimately translated into sequences of amino acids to produce proteins. DNA genetic information is composed of specific long sequences of A, T, G, and C. The process begins with the sequences being transferred to a single strand RNA molecule. RNA is only slightly different from DNA. The important difference between them is that one of the pyrimidine bases are not the same. Thymine is a principal pyrimidine in DNA, while uracil is a principal pyrimidine in RNA. The new RNA (mRNA) molecule is a messenger containing transcribed code from the DNA molecule. The mRNA travels out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. According to The National Human Genome Research Institute, in the cytoplasm â€Å"the information contained in the mRNA molecule is translated into the â€Å"language† of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. This language tells the cell’s protein-making machinery the precise order in which to link the amino acids to produce a specific protein. This is a major task because there are 20 types of amino acids, which can be placed in many different orders to form a wide variety of proteins. † Proteins do most of the work in our bodies; they move molecules in our bodies, they help us move by making our muscles, they help create our immune system that helps protect from any infections in our body or illnesses, and much more. DNA is one of the greatest discoveries my man. It was not discovered by a single human being but several. DNA is what makes a female human to give birth to a baby girl not to a baby giraffe or cub. DNA is passed down from generation to generation by sexual reproduction. Half of the father’s genes and half of the mother’s go to their son or daughter. Your DNA is not the same as your brother’s because sometimes you get more from your mom’s side or more from your dad’s side, it all depends. It is extraordinary how we are made from a string of DNA molecules that construct our body and make us who we are. DNA is now at a point where we use it for many reasons, not just for research. DNA forensics is one of the most practical ways of using DNA. Forensics is the application of many sciences to discover aspects about a crime. A government website describing DNA forensics, lists many examples of DNA uses for Forensic Identification. They include: â€Å"identification of potential suspects whose DNA may match evidence left at crime scenes; exoneration of persons wrongly accused of crimes; identification of crime and catastrophe victims; establishment of paternity and other family relationships; identification of endangered and protected species as an aid to wildlife officials (could be used for prosecuting poachers); detection of acteria and other organisms that may pollute air, water, soil, and food; Matching organ donors with recipients in transplant programs; determination of pedigree for seed or livestock breeds; and authentication of consumables such as caviar and wine. † It is great that DNA has been incorporated into forensics. Hopefully, in the near future, DNA technologies will be incorporated in a variety of ot her applications. How to cite DNA the Master Code for All Living Things, Essay examples

Understanding Groups and Managing Teams

Question: Discuss about the Understanding Groups and Managing Teams. Answer: Introduction The main case analyzed in this report is drawn from Sir Richard Branson: managing groups and teams at Virgin provided in pages 421 and 422.The main aim of this analysis is to demonstrate the deeper understanding of the teamwork along with the challenges and opportunities it presents for the managers team members. In meeting the above aim, four questions are answered. Question one identifies the kinds of teams existing within the Virgin group of firms. Question two list the phases of development along with task roles hat dictate the effectiveness of these groups. It further presents a discussion on how diverse roles and phases of development are obvious and dictate outcomes within the group. In question three, a definition of features of the group and identification of how such characteristics align to group behaviors along with performance within the Virgin group of firms. It further present an explanation of strengths and weakness of these with regards to team members behaviors like cohesiveness, conflict as well as performance. The last question (4) presents examples of how social interactions reinforce group activities within the Virgin group of firms. A brief conclusion summarizing the entire report is then presented. Types of Teams within Virgin Group The Group features a traditional group that entails two or more codependent persons who interact and influence one another in a shared quest for a mutual goalmouth. These groups lack the organizational structure nor does the group have lack of shared goals and purpose embraced by a crowd. Under the Virgin group, both formal and informal groups exist. The individual firms constituting Virgin Group of Companies constitute formal groups that are created officially for a particular purpose (Mao 2016). The Virgin Group of companies encompass formal as well as informal work groups. Formal groups encompass task groups like Virgin ground crew along with command groups like the company board. The activities of Virgin Group might be provisional or perpetual. For instance, additional teams of temporary staff could be empowered in height of vacation (holiday) periods to cope with additional demand. The informal groups like people among flight crew staff. These can entail interest groups as well as friendship groups. The formal group are established by the organization like Virgin for particular purposes of the organization whereby informal groups are established by workers thus serving the interest of members. Stages of Development and Task Roles The evolution of a group into a team occurs in five phases. The first stages include is the forming phase whereby the group gets oriented as well as acquainted. The second is the storming which is marred by the surface of individual personalities as well as roles together with conflicts within the group. The third phase describes the norming stage in which solutions to the conflict are arrived at thereby leading to close relationships development alongside the emergence of unity and harmony. The fourth phase is the performing in which the members focus on getting solutions to the problems alongside the completion of task assigned. The fifth and final stage is adjourning in which members get prepared to disband the team. The roles and development stages are apparent and influence the outcomes within the Virgin group of firms. In the process, managers have a key role to play to ensure effective team. For example, manager make sure that individuals are cooperating and systematically integrate their respective efforts to accomplish a shared goal. Moreover, managers establish a climate of trust and reciprocal faith in the attentions and behaviors of others which facilitate collaboration. The managers also ensure team cohesiveness which ensure that the objectives and goals are achieved as people stick together. Managers also establish measurable goals and acknowledge the feedback of the performance of members which give the opportunity to improve their outcomes. Managers further motivate their members by ensuring that they accountable mutually to each other. A motivated employee is more productive and this then contributes to the general productivity of the Virgin Group of companies. The managers further ensure that the team size is optimal which enhances interaction and morale with required resources they help get their work effectively done. The managers also ensure that team members perform their roles as per the acceptable behavior thereby fostering constructive relationships among the members of the team. The managers also ensure effective team norms, general guidelines and rules of behavior followed by team members thus ensuring that the companys objective are met successfully. This is clear from the Virgin group of companies characterized with traditional group of 2 or more self-governing individuals that interact and influence one another in shared pursuit of shared goal. Both formal (task groups like Virgin ground crew along with command groups like company board) and informal (includes people in flight crew, interest group and friendship group) work groups exist in Virgin Groups. Characteristics of a Group The employees of Branson are encouraged by being given freedom. Branson holds that it significant for workers higher up within the group since this allows to know the workers on a more personal degrees outside the work. There is a high level of cooperation between the employees in the company which ensures they meet their tasks and roles in time. Branson keeps each of the Virgin business small under the larger Virgin group and upholds a financial interest in individual companies established. The work group behavior is divided into outcomes, processes and inputs. The recruitment division in Virgin ensures appropriate inputs. The skill of members have to be relevant and must show good interpersonal skills. The groups are diversified with specialists in recruitments. Branson has also put considerable faith in the recruitment teams to employ individuals who fit the Virgin business strategy. There are equal number of female and male employees within the department that create correct bala nce within work groups. Workers are attracted to particular Virgin divisions since they enjoy corporate activities they major in as well as value their corporate goals. People are hired not because of ability and experience but for their friendly attitudes as well as general skills thereby enabling the employees to fit into any job under the group. Examples of Social Interaction support Virgin Group Activities The members of the group have diverse roles to fulfil. The group task roles like a coordinator, information provider as well as information seeker. The maintenance roles like standard setter, encourager and follower. Such roles remain key to the group work flow. Groups like airline ground crew or flight attendant teams have to develop via series of phases identified above. Certain individuals in the group or team are allocated particular roles but emergent leaders simply take such roles upon themselves. Workers can further take on self-oriented roles, for own self-fulfillment. Such include being a blocker, aggressor, recognition seeker and dominator. Teamwork and engagement is encouraged with individuals and people are suggested to have a fearlessness of engaging with others since conversation is able to alter the world. The group size is optimal to facilitate interactions like airline uses extensive group training for the flight crew and ground crew. As a group becomes larger it is branched into a second company to become focused and nimble. The leaders are dynamic with positive synergies which ensure greater gains from group interaction. The norms like in flight allow members to behave in sanctioned manner thus maintaining uniformity of the corporate standards (Haas and Choudhury 2016). A sense of humor as well as desire to have fun are provided in the group. Group cohesiveness is also ensured to ensure better performance. Members of the team have similar values and attitudes lead ing to higher performance hence effective communication and job satisfaction (Agarwal et al. 2016). Conclusion Bransons case is a typical example of a successful teamwork. Firms need to imitate this by ensuring optimum team size, cohesiveness, freedom and social interaction. Performance leads to positive communication which in turn leads to job satisfaction. References Agarwal, R., Campbell, B.A., Franco, A.M. and Ganco, M., 2016. What Do I Take With Me? The Mediating Effect of Spin-out Team Size and Tenure on the FounderFirm Performance Relationship. Academy of Management Journal, 59(3), pp.1060-1087. Haas, M. and Choudhury, P., 2016, January. Collaborate to Innovate? Team Size, Patenting, and Collaborative Complexity in a Global RD Center (WITHDRAWN). In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2016, No. 1, p. 17221). Academy of Management. Mao, A., Mason, W., Suri, S. and Watts, D.J., 2016. An experimental study of team size and performance on a complex task. PloS one, 11(4), p.e0153048.